Great Light at the breakfast table

The light is coming in dining room window at breakfast and it's just perfect. You grab the camera and snap a picture and it's too dark. You turn the flash on and try again. Poof! The pictures washed out with too much flash.
There is a solution: Set the camera to Sunrise/Sunset. What? I'm not taking a picture of the sunrise, but my cute toddler eating breakfast! You have to understand how the camera "thinks". What it does is think in terms of Aperture, Shutter and ISO.
These three work together to make or break the picture.

• Aperture: How big is the lens letting in the light.
• Shutter: How long is the picture exposed to the image.
• ISO: How much image processing needs to happen.

There is more to it. The aperture will affect the focus of the image (not so much in Digicams). The shutter has to be fast enough to freeze the picture or it will be blurry. The ISO has to right in conjunction with the shutter or the pictures turn dark and orangeish.
So how does the camera think? The camera manufacturer has logged many hours with professional photographers and how they would set the camera (film SLR) to take the picture. For the Sunset/Sunrise setting, the camera needs to capture the light on a wider dynamic range, light to dark tones. It will push the ISO up, turn off the flash and drag the shutter just an instant longer. This is how the pros did it for years and years.
Now you can shoot like a pro and not have to take years.